1. What is a Recount Text? (Pengertian Recount Text)

A Recount Text is a type of text that retells past events or experiences in the order they happened (chronologically). Think of it like telling a story about something that has already occurred.

Tujuan utama (social function) dari Recount Text adalah:

• To inform: Memberi informasi tentang suatu kejadian.

• To entertain: Menghibur pembaca dengan cerita pengalaman.

Contoh sederhananya: Menceritakan kegiatan liburanmu, pengalaman lucu di sekolah, atau menceritakan kembali biografi seseorang.

2. Generic Structure (Struktur Umum Teks)

Recount text memiliki tiga bagian utama dalam strukturnya:

1. Orientation

   • Bagian pembuka yang memperkenalkan latar belakang cerita.

   • Menjawab pertanyaan: Who? (Siapa yang terlibat?), Where? (Di mana kejadiannya?), dan When? (Kapan kejadiannya?).

2. Events

   • Bagian ini menceritakan rangkaian peristiwa yang terjadi secara berurutan (kronologis).

   • Penulis akan menceritakan apa yang terjadi dari awal hingga akhir. Biasanya menggunakan kata penghubung waktu seperti then, after that, next, finally.

3. Re-orientation

   • Bagian penutup cerita.

   • Biasanya berisi kesimpulan, kesan, atau perasaan penulis tentang pengalaman tersebut. Bagian ini bersifat opsional (tidak selalu ada).

Jenis-Jenis Recount Text:

1. Personal Recount: Menceritakan pengalaman pribadi penulis. Contohnya seperti kenangan masa kecil, kenangan menikah, atau menulis diari.

2. Imaginative Recount: Berisi cerita khayalan dalam bentuk kisah yang sudah terjadi.

3. Factual Recount: Menyajikan laporan atau berita yang sudah terjadi. Contohnya seperti laporan kehilangan atau berita kriminal.

4. Historical Recount: Menceritakan peristiwa sejarah yang sudah terjadi pada masa lampau, menjelaskan fakta sejarah dalam bentuk narasi.

3. Language Features (Ciri-Ciri Kebahasaan)

Recount text memiliki ciri kebahasaan yang khas:

• Using the Past Tense: Karena menceritakan masa lalu, tenses yang dominan adalah Simple Past Tense (e.g., went, saw, studied, played), Past Continuous Tense (e.g., was walking, were talking), dll.

• Using Action Verbs: Menggunakan kata kerja aksi (e.g., walked, slept, ate, drove).

• Using Adverbs and Adverbial Phrases: Menggunakan keterangan waktu, tempat, dan cara (e.g., yesterday, in the morning, at the beach, slowly).

• Using Conjunctions & Time Connectives: Menggunakan kata hubung untuk mengurutkan peristiwa (e.g., and, but, then, after that, finally, before).

✨ Example of Recount Text (Contoh Teks Recount)

My First Trip to the National Monument

(Orientation) Last year, during the school holiday, my family and I decided to visit Jakarta. It was my first time visiting the capital city, and I was very excited. We went there by train and stayed at my uncle's house. Our main goal was to visit the National Monument, or Monas.

(Events) On the first day, my uncle took us to Monas in the morning. When we arrived, I was amazed by how tall and majestic the monument was. We bought the tickets and entered the base of the monument, which is the Indonesian National History Museum. Inside, we saw many dioramas depicting the history of Indonesia's struggle for independence. It was very educational. After exploring the museum, we queued for the elevator to go to the top. The line was quite long, but it was worth the wait. From the observation deck at the top, the view of Jakarta was absolutely breathtaking. We could see tall buildings, wide roads, and the Istiqlal Mosque. We spent about an hour there taking pictures.

(Re-orientation) Finally, we went down and had lunch near the Monas area. It was an unforgettable experience for me. I learned a lot about Indonesian history and also enjoyed the amazing city view. I hope I can visit Monas again someday.

Analisis:

• Orientation: Paragraf pertama memperkenalkan siapa (my family and I), kapan (Last year), di mana (Jakarta), dan apa (visit the National Monument).

• Events: Paragraf kedua dan ketiga menceritakan rangkaian kejadian secara urut: tiba di Monas, masuk ke museum, melihat diorama, naik ke puncak, dan menikmati pemandangan.

• Re-orientation: Paragraf terakhir berisi kesan penulis (unforgettable experience) dan harapannya.

Latihan 3: Write Your Own Recount Text! (Tulis Teks Recount Anda Sendiri!)

Now it's your turn to write! Choose one of the topics below and write your own recount text. Remember to use the correct structure (Orientation, Events, Re-orientation) and language features (past tense).

Topics:

• Your last birthday party.

• A memorable holiday trip.

• Your first day at junior high school.

• A funny or embarrassing experience you had.

Good luck! ✨